Glossary G

Geology (from Ancient Greek (geo) 'earth', and (-logía) 'study of, discourse') is a branch of natural science concerned with Earth and other astronomical objects, the features or rocks of which it is composed, and the processes by which they change over time.

Deutsch: Geometrie / Español: Geometría / Português: Geometria / Français: Géométrie / Italiano: Geometria

Geometry in the Space industry refers to the study and application of spatial relationships, shapes, and dimensions of objects in space. This involves the precise mathematical modeling of spacecraft, satellite orbits, and mission trajectories, which is essential for successful design, navigation, and mission planning.

Deutsch: Geomorphologie / Español: geomorfología / Português: geomorfologia / Français: géomorphologie / Italiano: geomorfologia

Geomorphology in the Space industry context refers to the study of the physical features, landforms, and surface processes of Celestial bodies, such as planets, moons, asteroids, and comets. This field involves analyzing the shapes, structures, and Evolution of terrain to understand the geological history and environmental conditions of these extraterrestrial surfaces.

Deutsch: Geophysik / Español: Geofísica / Português: Geofísica / Français: Géophysique / Italiano: Geofisica /

Geophysics is a subject of natural science concerned with the physical processes and physical properties of the Earth and its surrounding space environment, and the use of quantitative methods for their analysis.

Deutsch: Geopotential / Español: Potencial geopotencial / Português: Potencial geopotencial / Français: Potentiel géopotentiel / Italiano: Potenziale geopotenziale

The Geopotential is a fundamental concept in geophysics and space science, representing the gravitational potential energy per unit mass at a given point in Earth's gravitational field. It plays a critical role in satellite missions, orbital mechanics, and geodetic measurements by providing a standardized reference for altitude and gravitational effects.

Deutsch: Geostationärer Satellit / Español: Satélite geoestacionario / Português: Satélite geoestacionário / Français: Satellite géostationnaire / Italiano: Satellite geostazionario

Geostationary Satellite in the Space industry context refers to a type of satellite that is specifically designed to orbit Earth at the same rotational speed as the Planet, effectively remaining in a fixed position relative to the Earth's surface. This orbit allows the satellite to stay directly over the same geographic location at all times, making it particularly useful for telecommunications, weather forecasting, and surveillance.

A geosynchronous orbit (sometimes abbreviated GSO) is an Earth-centered orbit with an orbital period that matches Earth's rotation on its axis, 23 hours, 56 minutes, and 4 seconds (one sidereal day).

Germanium is a chemical element with the symbol Ge and atomic number 32.

Germany is a major player in the global aerospace industry, with a long history of innovation and technological leadership. Some of the factors that contribute to Germany's strength in the aerospace industry include:

1. Strong industrial base: Germany has a well-developed and highly-skilled industrial base, which is well-suited to the production of complex aerospace systems and components. The country is home to a number of major aerospace companies, such as Airbus, MTU Aero Engines, and Siemens, which are leading players in the global market.

2. Advanced research and development: Germany is home to a number of top research institutions and universities, which are involved in the development of advanced technologies for the aerospace industry. The country has a strong tradition of innovation, and is a leader in the development of new materials, propulsion systems, and other technologies for aerospace applications.

3. Government Support: The German government has a long history of supporting the aerospace industry, through initiatives such as research funding and export credits. This support has helped to nurture and grow the country's aerospace sector, and has enabled companies to invest in new technologies and capabilities.

4. Strong international partnerships: Germany has developed strong partnerships with other countries in the aerospace industry, including through joint ventures and collaborations with companies and research institutions around the world. This has helped to enhance the country's global reach and competitiveness in the aerospace market.

Overall, Germany's strong industrial base, advanced research and development capabilities, government support, and international partnerships have helped to make it a major player in the global aerospace industry.

Germany is home to a number of major aerospace companies, including:

1. Airbus: Airbus is a leading global aerospace company, with headquarters in Germany. The company is involved in the design, development, and production of a wide range of aircraft and aerospace systems, including commercial aircraft, military aircraft, helicopters and satellites.

2. MTU Aero Engines: MTU Aero Engines is a leading Manufacturer of aircraft engines and components, with headquarters in Germany. The company produces a range of engines for commercial and military aircraft, as well as industrial gas turbines.

3. Siemens: Siemens is a global technology company that is involved in a wide range of industries, including the aerospace industry. The company produces a range of products and services for the aerospace market, including propulsion systems, avionics, and digital technologies.

4. Liebherr-Aerospace: Liebherr-Aerospace is a leading manufacturer of aerospace components and systems, with headquarters in Germany. The company produces a range of products for commercial and military aircraft, including air management systems, landing gear, and aircraft structures.

5. ZF Friedrichshafen: ZF Friedrichshafen is a global technology company that is involved in the production of a range of products and systems for the aerospace industry, including propulsion systems, aircraft structures, and avionics.

These are just a few examples of the major aerospace companies based in Germany. The country is home to a number of other aerospace companies and suppliers, which contribute to its strength in the global aerospace market.

Deutsch: Kardanring / Español: Cardán / Português: Gimbal / Français: Cardan / Italiano: Cardano

Gimbal in the Space industry refers to a pivoting mechanical device that allows an object, such as a thruster, sensor, or camera, to rotate freely along multiple axes. This is crucial for spacecraft, rockets, and satellites to adjust their orientation, point instruments or antennas in specific directions, or control propulsion vectors. Gimbals enable precise control over movement and stabilization, which is essential for accurate navigation and communication in space.

In the aerospace context, Giotto is a European Space Agency (ESA) spacecraft that was launched in 1985 to study Comet Halley.

Deutsch: Segelflugzeug / Español: Planeador / Português: Planador / Français: Planeur / Italiano: Aliante

Glider in the Space industry refers to an unpowered or semi-powered Craft designed to glide through the Atmosphere or space. Gliders are used for Re-entry vehicles, experimental platforms, and atmospheric studies. Unlike traditional spacecraft or airplanes, gliders rely on aerodynamics to sustain controlled Flight without continuous Propulsion.

In the aerospace context, GLONASS stands for Global Navigation Satellite System, it is a space-based satellite navigation system that is operated by the Russian Aerospace Defense Forces and provides navigation, location and timing services to users worldwide.

Deutsch: Glykol / Español: glicol / Português: glicol / Français: glycol / Italiano: glicole

The term glycol refers to a class of organic compounds belonging to the alcohol family, characterized by two hydroxyl (–OH) groups attached to different carbon atoms. These colorless, odorless, and syrupy liquids are widely used in industrial, automotive, and pharmaceutical applications due to their unique chemical properties, such as high boiling points, low freezing points, and hygroscopic nature.

GNSS stands for Global Navigation Satellite System, and it refers to a system of satellites and ground-based receivers that are used to determine the location, speed, and time of an object on or near the Earth's surface. GNSS systems use signals from satellites to determine the position of a receiver, and they are used for a wide range of applications, including aviation, transportation, and scientific research.

The German Offshore Spaceport Alliance (GOSA) is a consortium of companies, research institutions, and authorities working together to develop offshore launch facilities for small satellites in the German North Sea. The consortium is based in Bremen, Germany.

The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite-based navigation system that is used to determine the precise location and time of an object on the Earth's surface. GPS is widely used in the aerospace industry for a variety of purposes, including navigation, positioning, and timing.

Deutsch: GPS-verweigert / Español: Denegado por GPS / Português: Negado pelo GPS / Français: Refusé par GPS / Italian: Negato dal GPS

GPS-denied refers to environments or situations where the Global Positioning System (GPS) signals are unavailable or unreliable. In the context of the Space industry, this term is used to describe scenarios where traditional satellite-based navigation and positioning systems cannot be used due to various factors such as signal blockages, interferences, or the inherent limitations of the GPS system in certain locations, like deep Space or subterranean environments on other planets.

Deutsch: Gradient / Español: Gradiente / Português: Gradiente / Français: Gradient / Italiano: Gradiente

Gradient in the Space industry refers to a change or variation in a physical Quantity, such as temperature, pressure, Velocity, or gravitational force, over a specific Distance or direction. Gradients play a crucial role in understanding and Engineering spacecraft systems, orbital Mechanics, and planetary science, as they influence physical processes and behaviours in space.

In the aerospace context, gravitation refers to the force of Attraction between two objects in space.