Glossary S

A slip is a manoevre where an Aeroplane pilot rolls the aircraft in one direction with the ailerons and yaws it in the opposite direction with the rudder. This results in the aircraft continuing to move forward but presenting a larger cross-section to the oncoming air - thereby creating drag and causing the aeroplane to lose altitude rapidly in a controlled manner.

small-satellite --->Smallsat

Deutsch: Kleinsatellit / Español: Nanosatélite / Português: Nanossatélite / Français: Microsatellite / Italiano: Microsatellite /

A small satellite, miniaturized satellite, or smallsat is a satellite of low Mass and size, usually under 1,200 kg.

The term "smart" can refer to a number of different things, depending on the context. Some possible uses of the term "smart" in the aerospace industry might include:

• Smart materials: These are materials that have properties that can be altered or controlled in some way, either by external stimuli or by internal mechanisms. Smart materials are often used in aerospace applications because they can provide structural advantages, such as the ability to change shape or stiffness in response to various stimuli. Examples of smart materials used in aerospace include shape memory alloys, piezoelectric materials, and piezocomposites.

• Smart structures: These are structures that incorporate smart materials or other advanced technologies that allow them to adapt or respond to changing conditions. Smart structures are often used in aerospace applications to improve performance, reduce weight, or increase efficiency.

• Smart systems: These are systems that use advanced technologies, such as sensors, actuators, and control algorithms, to perform tasks more efficiently or adapt to changing conditions. Smart systems are often used in aerospace applications to improve safety, reliability, or performance.

• Smart sensors: These are sensors that are able to gather and process data from their environment and use it to make decisions or take actions. Smart sensors are often used in aerospace applications to monitor the health and performance of aircraft systems and components.

• Smart maintenance: This refers to the use of advanced technologies, such as sensors and predictive analytics, to optimize maintenance schedules and procedures for aircraft. The goal of smart maintenance is to reduce downtime and improve Safety and Reliability.

Some examples of how smart materials, structures, systems, and sensors might be used in the aerospace industry:

• Smart materials: A shape memory alloy might be used to create a wing flap that can change shape in response to temperature changes, allowing it to adapt to different flight conditions. A piezoelectric material might be used to create a sensor that can detect cracks or other damage in a structural component, allowing for early detection and repair.

• Smart structures: A wing with a shape-changing capability might be able to adjust its shape to optimize lift and reduce drag, improving fuel efficiency and performance. A self-healing composite material might be used to create a structural component that can repair itself in the event of minor damage, reducing maintenance requirements and improving reliability.

• Smart systems: A sensor network might be used to monitor the health of an aircraft's engines and systems, providing real-time data that can be used to optimize performance or detect potential issues before they become problems. An automated control system might be used to adjust the flaps, slats, and other control surfaces on an aircraft in response to changing flight conditions, improving stability and efficiency.

• Smart sensors: A sensor might be used to monitor the pressure and temperature of an aircraft's tires, providing real-time data that can be used to optimize tire pressure and reduce the risk of tire failure. A sensor might be used to monitor the health of an aircraft's batteries, providing real-time data that can be used to optimize charging and extend the life of the batteries.

SME stands for small and medium-sized enterprises. These are businesses that are smaller in size than large enterprises, but larger than microbusinesses.

Deutsch: System on Chip / Español: Sistema en Chip / Português: Sistema em Chip / Français: Système sur Puce / Italiano: Sistema su Chip /

SoC stands for System on a Chip. It refers to a type of electronic system that integrates multiple components onto a single microchip.

SOC stands also for Systems Operations Center. It refers to a central facility where personnel monitor and control the operation of complex systems, such as spacecraft or satellite networks.

SOC --->Start of climb at missed approach

Deutsch: Sojourner (Marsfahrzeug) / Español: Sojourner (vehículo marciano) / Português: Sojourner (veículo marciano) / Français: Sojourner (véhicule martien) / Italiano: Sojourner (veicolo marziano)

Sojourner in the Space industry context refers to the first Mars rover deployed by NASA as part of the Mars Pathfinder mission. Launched on December 4, 1996, and landing on Mars on July 4, 1997, Sojourner marked humanity's first use of a rover to explore the surface of another Planet remotely. This small, six-wheeled robotic vehicle was designed to test the feasibility of low-cost landings on and Exploration of the Martian surface. It carried scientific instruments to analyze the Martian Atmosphere, Climate, and Geology, specifically the Composition of rocks and soil.

Deutsch: Solarenergie / Español: Energía solar / Português: Energia solar / Français: Énergie solaire / Italiano: Energia solare

Solar energy in the space industry refers to the use of sunlight as a power source for spacecraft, satellites, space stations, and planetary exploration missions. Solar panels convert sunlight into electricity, providing a sustainable and long-term energy solution for space operations.

Deutsch: Solarer Antrieb / Español: Propulsión solar / Português: Propulsão solar / Français: Propulsion solaire / Italiano: Propulsione solare

Solar propulsion in the space industry refers to propulsion systems that utilise solar energy to generate thrust or power spacecraft. This can involve direct conversion of solar radiation into kinetic energy through solar sails or indirect use by converting solar energy into electricity to power electric propulsion systems. Solar propulsion is a sustainable and efficient method for deep space missions and long-duration operations, relying on the abundant energy of the sun.

Deutsch: Löten / Español: Soldadura / Português: Soldagem / Français: Brasage / Italiano: Saldatura

Soldering in the Space industry refers to the process of joining electronic components or metallic parts using a filler Metal (solder), which is melted and then solidified to create a strong, conductive connection. This process is critical for assembling and maintaining electronic systems in spacecraft, satellites, and other space-related Hardware. Given the Harsh conditions of space—such as extreme temperatures, Radiation, and vacuum—soldering must meet strict quality and reliability standards to ensure the long-term functionality and safety of space missions.

"Satcom on the move" (SOTM) refers to the use of satellite communication (satcom) systems to provide connectivity and communication services to vehicles or other mobile platforms while they are in motion. This can include vehicles on the ground, such as cars, trucks, and buses, as well as aircraft, ships, and other vessels.

Deutsch: Schall / Español: Sonido / Português: Som / Français: Son / Italiano: Suono

Sound in the Space industry refers to the study and management of acoustic vibrations within spacecraft and space environments. Unlike on Earth, where sound travels through air, in the Vacuum of space, sound cannot propagate because there is no medium (such as air or Water) to carry the sound waves. However, sound is still a crucial consideration within the space industry, particularly inside spacecraft and space stations, where it can affect both the Structure and the health of astronauts.

Deutsch: Schallabsorption / Español: Absorción de sonido / Português: Absorção de som / Français: Absorption acoustique / Italiano: Assorbimento del suono

Sound absorption in the Space industry context refers to the use of materials and technologies designed to reduce noise levels within spacecraft, satellites, and space stations. Given the confined environments in space missions, managing sound levels is crucial for protecting the hearing, health, and overall well-being of astronauts. Sound absorption techniques help mitigate the effects of equipment vibrations, operational noises, and other acoustic sources, creating a more comfortable and less stressful living and working environment in space.

Deutsch: Schalldämmung / Español: Aislamiento acústico / Português: Insonorização / Français: Insonorisation / Italiano: Isolamento acustico

Soundproofing in the Space industry refers to techniques and materials used to reduce or mitigate the Transmission of sound, particularly in spacecraft, space stations, or launch facilities. It is crucial for protecting astronauts, sensitive equipment, and payloads from the high levels of noise generated during rocket launches, in-space operations, and by onboard systems. Effective soundproofing enhances comfort, safety, and the functionality of equipment by minimizing harmful acoustic vibrations and noise.

Soyuz is a transliteration of the Cyrillic text Союз (Russian and Ukrainian, 'Union').

Deutsch: Weltraum / Español: Espacio / Português: Espaço / Français: Espace / Italiano: Spazio /

Everything beyond Earth's atmosphere is called space (outer space).

Deutsch: Weltraummüll / Español: basura espacial / Português: detritos espaciais / Français: débris spatiaux / Italiano: detriti spaziali

Space debris refers to non-functional, human-made objects in Earth's orbit, including defunct satellites, spent rocket stages, and fragments resulting from collisions or disintegrations.

Deutsch: Weltraumwirtschaft / Español: Economía espacial / Português: Economia espacial / Français: Économie spatiale / Italiano: Economia spaziale

The Space Economy encompasses all economic activities and value chains linked to the exploration, research, and commercialization of space. It integrates public and private sectors, from satellite manufacturing to space tourism, and is increasingly recognized as a driver of innovation and global economic growth. This sector merges advanced technologies with traditional industries, creating new markets and opportunities.

Deutsch: Weltraumforschung / Español: Exploración espacial / Português: Exploração espacial / Français: Exploration spatiale / Italiano: Esplorazione spaziale

Space Exploration refers to the investigation and study of outer space through the use of astronomy, space Technology, and space missions. This includes manned and unmanned missions to explore Celestial bodies and gather Data on the Universe beyond Earth's Atmosphere.