Glossary J

Deutsch: James-Webb-Weltraumteleskop / Español: Telescopio Espacial James Webb / Português: Telescópio Espacial James Webb / Français: Télescope spatial James Webb / Italiano: Telescopio Spaziale James Webb

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) represents a landmark achievement in modern astronomy and space engineering, designed to succeed the Hubble Space Telescope as the premier observatory for infrared astronomy. As a collaborative project led by NASA, the European Space Agency (ESA), and the Canadian Space Agency (CSA), the JWST aims to explore the universe's earliest galaxies, star formation, and planetary systems with unprecedented resolution and sensitivity. Its advanced instrumentation enables scientists to study celestial phenomena that were previously inaccessible, bridging gaps in our understanding of cosmic evolution.

Deutsch: Störung / Español: Interferencia / Português: Bloqueio / Français: Brouillage / Italiano: Interferenza

Jamming in the Space industry refers to the deliberate disruption or interference of communication signals between space-based systems, such as satellites, and their Ground stations. This is usually done by transmitting a stronger signal on the same frequency, effectively "blocking" the intended communication, which can have serious consequences for satellite operations, navigation, and communication systems.

A jet is a type of aircraft that is propelled through the air by the force of one or more jet engines. Jet engines work by sucking in air and compressing it in a compressor at the front of the engine.

Jiuquan, formerly known as Suzhou, is a prefecture-level city in the northwesternmost part of Gansu Province in the People's Republic of China.

The Jindalee Operational Radar Network (JORN) is an over-the-horizon radar (OHR) network that can monitor air and sea movements across 37,000 square kilometres (14,000 sq mi)[citation needed].

JPL stands for Jet Propulsion Laboratory. It is a research and development center located in Pasadena, California, and it is managed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).

Deutsch: JUICE / Español: JUICE / Português: JUICE / Français: JUICE / Italiano: JUICE

JUICE (JUpiter ICy moons Explorer) is a space mission developed by the European Space Agency (ESA) aimed at exploring Jupiter and its three largest moons: Ganymede, Europa, and Callisto. These moons are of great scientific interest due to their potential subsurface oceans, which could harbor the conditions necessary for life. The JUICE mission, launched in April 2023, will study the atmosphere of Jupiter and the Geology, magnetism, and ice-covered environments of its moons, with a primary Focus on Ganymede.

Juno is a NASA spacecraft that was launched in 2011 to study the planet Jupiter. The Juno mission is the second spacecraft, after Galileo, to orbit Jupiter, and it is the first solar-powered spacecraft to operate at such a distance from the Sun.

In the aerospace context, Jupiter refers to the fifth planet from the Sun in the Solar System and is the largest planet in our solar system. Jupiter is a gas giant and composed primarily of hydrogen and helium.